Chapter 7 God's Healing Power in Demonstration when Medical Science Failed
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Author __ Ellen J. Barrier
Medical Professional
/ Product Consultant
Bipolar disorder is characterized by cycles of depression
and mania, a euphoric, high-energy state that can result in heightened levels
of creativity or output as well as erratic or risky behavior. People with
bipolar disorder are at high risk of substance abuse and suicide, and treatment
includes psychiatric care and medication.
Study:
About 2.4% of people around the world have had a diagnosis
of bipolar disorder at some point in their lifetime, according to the first
comprehensive international figures on the topic.
The United States has the highest lifetime rate of bipolar
disorder at 4.4%, and India the lowest, with 0.1%.
However, fewer than half of people with the disorder were
treated by a mental health professional, and only a quarter of those in
lower-income countries sought treatment, according to the 11-nation study in
the March issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
However, fewer than half of people with the disorder were
treated by a mental health professional, and only a quarter of those in
lower-income countries sought treatment, according to the 11-nation study in
the March issue of Archives of General Psychiatry.
The U.S. ranked higher in every category of bipolar disorder
as did, in general, other high-income countries. One exception was Japan, which
had a lifetime prevalence of 0.7%. Colombia, a lower-income nation, also bucked
the trend with a relatively high prevalence of 2.6%.
The study included people with either bipolar I or II.
Bipolar I has the more severe symptoms (both depression and mania) and bipolar
II has less severe symptoms.
Despite the regional variations, there were many
similarities across the countries studied, including comparable symptoms and
the fact that many people with bipolar disorder also had another mental health
problem, usually an anxiety disorder (most often panic attacks).
No matter where people lived, bipolar disorder caused
serious problems and impairment. About three-quarters of people with depression
and half of those with mania said their symptoms disrupted their work or social
life and relationships disorder. For other uses, see Mania (disambiguation).
Manic episode
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 F30.
ICD-9 296.0 Single manic episode, 296.4 Most recent episode
manic, 296.6 Most recent episode mixed
MeSH D001714
Mania
Mania, the presence of which is a criterion for certain
psychiatric diagnoses, is a state of abnormally elevated or irritable mood,
arousal, and/ or energy levels.[1] In a sense, it is the opposite of depression.
The word derives from the Greek "μανία" (mania), "madness,
frenzy"[2] and that from the verb "μαίνομαι" (mainomai),
"to be mad, to rage, to be furious".[3]
In addition to mood disorders, individuals may exhibit manic
behavior as a result of drug intoxication (notably stimulants such as cocaine
or methamphetamine), medication side effects (notably steroids), or malignancy.
However, mania is most often associated with bipolar disorder, where episodes
of mania may alternate with episodes of major depression. Gelder, Mayou and
Geddes (2005) suggests that it is vital that mania is predicted in the early
stages because the patient becomes reluctant to comply to the treatment. The
criteria for bipolar do not include depressive episodes and the presence of mania
in the absence of depressive episodes is sufficient for a diagnosis.
Regardless, even those who never experience depression experience cyclical
changes in mood. These cycles are often affected by changes in sleep cycle (too
much or too little), diurnal rhythms and environmental stressors.
Mania varies in intensity, from mild mania known as
hypomania to full-blown mania with psychotic features including hallucinations,
delusion of grandeur, suspiciousness, catatonic behavior, aggression, and a
preoccupation with thoughts and schemes that may lead to self neglect.[4] Since
mania and hypomania have also been associated with creativity and artistic
talent,[5] it is not always the case that the clearly manic bipolar person will
need or want medical assistance; such people will often either retain
sufficient amount of control to function normally or be unaware that they have
"gone manic" severely enough to be committed or to commit themselves
('commitment' means admission to a psychiatric facility). Manic individuals can
often be mistaken for being on drugs or other mind-altering substances.
Written by: Ellen J. Barrier
Barrier's Health & Fitness Website: http://barriershealthandfitness.com/
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