The Anatomy and Physiology of the Body Systems

To put it simple, Anatomy is the structure of the body parts, and Physiology is how each of the body parts function. Let's start with the inner parts of the body, called the systems which are the structure of the body parts, and after which, we will list the function of each system. The body is built like a sophisticated machine that only its creator completely understand its operations. After studying Anatomy and Physiology, I understood clearly what the writer of Psalm 139: 14 meant by his statement as noted below.



  "I am fearfully and wonderfully made: marvelous are thy works; and that my soul knoweth right well."  

We can conclude that the body systems are an organized group of organs or cells related to each other. Where as each organ performs a specific or a certain function. Let's begin with the Circulatory System.

The heart is a hollow muscular contractible organ that is the center of the Circulatory System. It is divided into 4 chambers. There are two upper champers with thin walls and two lower chambers with thick walls.
The two upper chambers are called the atria (left and right). The two lower chambers are called ventricles.
The two sides of the heart are separated by a strong muscular wall known as the septum. There are several valves in the heart. They are; Pulmonary, Tricuspid, Mitral, and Aortic. Each valve is lined with a membrane called Endocardium.

The muscle of the heart is called, Myocardium. Inside of this muscle, there are fibers that forms a network of branches called arteries and veins. The Aorta, is the largest artery in the body. It leads from the left ventricle and supplies the body with oxygenated blood.

The Pulmonary artery leads from the right ventricle. It divides into two branches that supply used blood to the right and left lungs.

Inside of the heart is lined with a smooth membrane called the Endocardium.
Pericardium is a tough membrane that is double-layered covering the heart as a bag.
There is a space between the two layers of Pericardium and Endocardium that contains a thin layer of fluid that lubricates and allows free movement of the heart muscle within the outer bag.

Being that the heart works hardest of all the muscles in the body, it has large energy requirements that need  an adequate supply of fresh oxygenated blood to maintain its actions, as all of the muscles in the body do.

The heart has a network of branches which is its own system of arteries, capillaries, and veins exclusively for its own blood supply. This system is call the Coronary. The reason behind the name is due to the arteries surround the upper portion of the heart like a crown. The word "Corona" in Latin mean crown. Both the right and left Coronary arteries arise from the beginning of the Aorta. From that point, smaller branches  pass into the heart. The left artery is divided into two large branches; Right Coronary artery and left Coronary artery.

Information:

1. The heart rate is approximate 70 beats per minute at rest for an adult.
2.  During strenuous exercise, the heart rate can become 200 beats per minute.
3.  The heart contracts about 100,000 times per day and more than 2.5 billion times
       in an average lifetime.                    
4.  The heart pumps at least 9 pints (4.5 liters) of blood per minute.
5.  The heart pumps about 1,500 gallons (6,000 liters) of blood daily.
6.  The heart generates enough power in a day to drive a truck 20 miles.


The Body Systems:

1. circulatory - circulates body fluids. It includes both cardiovascular
       (heart and blood vessels) and the lymphatic systems

 2. digestive - is defined as the Alimentary Canal. This includes the mouth, teeth, tongue,
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, accessory glands (salivary glands, liver, pancreas)

3. endocrine- ductless glands that produces an internal secretion discharged into the blood
  or lymph. It is then circulated into all of  the body parts.
       

4.  hematopoietic _ has to do with the production and development of  blood cells.
     
 5.  integumentary- consists of the skin, hair and nails and its appendages.
                                                                               

6.  lymphatic-circulates lymph. It includes lymph vessels, lymphatic organs
            (lymph nodes, ducts, tonsils, thymus, spleen)                  

 7.  muscular- includes all of the muscles (smooth, cardiac, striated, and skeletal)

  8. nervous - consists of the brain, ganglia, spinal cord and nerves

  9.  reproductive-includes the gonads, their structure association and ducts.

 10. respiratory- consists of the air passageway and organs (nasal cavities, oral cavity
       pharynx, trachea, and lungs (bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. 

11.  skeletal- The bony framework of the body.

 12.  urinary - Secreting or containing urine.

Suggested Information to Read: The Importance of  Exercise for a Healthy Heart
http://ellenshealthinformation.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-importance-of-exercise-for-healthy.html


Information Provider:
___ Ellen J. Barrier/Published Author/ Medical Professional
Product Consultant

Barrier's Health & Fitness Website: http://barriershealthandfitness.com/

Defend Your Goals: Face Your Challenger & Don't Back Down!

Ellen J. Barrier

Author/Spirituality Counselor

When facing your challenger, don't back down!  Defend your goal. You have to draw upon  your mental and spiritual strength that is within you, in order to persevere. Many people will discontinue their process for completing their goals, when facing their challenger. Many will stop exercising, and return to poor eating habits, and neglect their health, and some will dropout of school, leaving their education to suffer. And some will enter into habits that can destroy themselves and harm others.




Many years ago, there lived a man by the name of Paul. While speaking to a group of people around a campfire, a poisonous snake came out of the fire and bit him, and held onto his hand. Paul shook that snake off, back into the fire, and continued to speak to the people. His goal was to deliver his message to them. And he accomplished that goal. He didn't allow his challenger to defeat him. He drew upon that strength that was within him, that allowed him to defend his goal. He faced his challenger, and didn't back down.

Challenges will come unexpectedly, to try to throw us off of our game. But we must persevere-  whether financial,  personal relationships, an attack on health,  or what ever they may be; We must stay focused on our goals. If we allow ourselves to focus on our challengers, they will win. We must never allow ourselves to give up: Keep moving forward like the bikers, Keep helping others with their heavy burdens, like the weightlifters, and keep fighting for justice against those who inflict evil upon the innocent, like the champs in the ring. Standing together as one nation, we will complete our goals.

_ Ellen J. Barrier

Click for Books on Health, Mind, and Body

Post - Traumatic Stress Disorder

 The etiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is related to a traumatic experience that happened to an individual or is one they witnessed. If an individual has experienced a traumatic event, such as a near death situation or has been in a situation such as a soldier fighting on a battle field where psychological trauma occurs, it can have a serious affect on that individual's mind and health. For many years after wars, our soldiers have informed of the symptoms of PTSD, but they weren't taken seriously. Many have suffered silently. They felt that no one cared. And who can blame them? Also, in some cases of near drowning and sexual assaults, some of these individuals have reported symptoms of PTSD. This is a very serious health condition that many people suffer from.

_ Ellen J. Barrier

Author/Medical Professional

            Click for Books On Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Children Behaving Badly

Ellen J. Barrier/

Author/Spirituality Counselor

Somewhere along the path of parenting, many parents of today, have neglected their responsibility to teach and discipline their children. The stories written below will prove my statement to be true.








Student Rejected by University Due to Murder Charges

A 42-year-old female was bludgeoned to death by her 14-year-old daughter. After the killing, the girl and her boyfriend tried to make the death appear to have been a suicide by sticking a carving knife into the side of her mother's neck. The number of blows delivered to the victim's head by her daughter were said to have been at least 13. The daughter reportedly took the time to wipe up pools of blood in the kitchen.

Daughter's Profile:
IQ: 150
Honor Society Member, tennis team co-captain, tutor of underprivileged kids.
At the time of her mother's death the 14-year-old girl was nearly a straight A student and was the head of her student government class.

Mother's Profile:
The mother reportedly was drunk at the time she was murdered.

Court's Decision:
The judge presiding over this case, placed the girl in juvenile detention for a few months, then granted her permission to relocate and begin a new life. She reportedly, lived with an aunt until the age of 16, and moved into her own apartment supporting herself on a modest  trust fund.

Education continued:
At the age of 19-years-old, the university that this student applied to, had accepted her application, but withdrew it after someone sent them a newspaper clipping  about the killing. A question on the application asked if a student had ever been on probation? She being the applicant, had been on probation until the age of 18, as a condition of pleading no contest in the killing of her mother.

Attorney:
Her attorney stated, she was not obligated to disclose something that happened when she was a minor.

The Student's Views About Her Past History:
"I deal with this tragedy everyday on a personal level.  It serves no good purpose for anyone else to dredge up the pain of my childhood".

*Another university accepted the 19-year-old female.

Source:
The Price We Must Pay for Our Father's Sins
Part 2: "The Mirror of Society"
This is a true story: Student Rejected by University Due to Murder Charges
Location and date where this event occurred, will remain in the book.

Questions for Discussion:

1. Does it appear that the 19-year-old was given special treatment by the judge?
2. Do you feel that she was ever punished for the murder of her mother?
3. Does it appear that she is remorseful for the crime she committed?
4. Should she have explained this incident to the university at the time she
    submitted her application? Why?

5. The attorney for the 19-year-old stated, she was not obligated to disclose the
     information involving the killing of her mother, because it happened when she
     was a minor. Do you agree with the attorney? Why?

6.  Was the university's decision not to allow the student to attend college there,
      justifiable? Why?
 
Book Store:  
http://barriersbooks.com/Hot-Items

Menopause & Physical Fitness

 During the lifetime of a woman, her body will encounter many changes. She will experience her menstrual cycle, one or more pregnancies, and menopause.  With each of these conditions, she will experience a different change in her body, which will be both physical and psychological.

    If the woman doesn’t adequately care for her health, she could become seriously ill. When experiencing menopause, it is helpful to visit with other women, who have experienced this medical ordeal. The best care is to have a good diet, that consists of plenty fruits, and vegetables. Drink lots of nutritious liquids and water.  Including Vitamins & Minerals in the diet, are helpful. Rest as often as possible, and exercise daily.

About Menopause

Menopause, is the cessation of menstrual cycles. It occurs between the age of 35 and 58 years of life. A woman’s menstrual cycles may stop suddenly, or there may be a decrease in flow each month, until there is a final cessation, or the interval between periods may be lengthened, until complete cessation has been accomplished.

Some Symptoms To Look For
Feeling hot and cold
Weakness
Nervousness
Depression

   The best advice I can offer, is how I prepared myself for menopause. It is definitely an experience, that every woman should begin preparing her body for, in early twenties. Most women think that menopause, won’t began until around the age of 50. And they won’t prepare many years earlier. When they began feeling some of the symptoms, they start buying vitamins & minerals, and exercising. Physical fitness, is more than exercising.

_ Ellen J. Barrier

Author
Medical Professional
Product Consultant

Click for Books on Menopause

Diabetes

Chapter 5: Volume 2
The Cause of Sicknesses and Diseases
Available @ http://barriersbooks.1wp.com/


Diabetes affects the very young as well as the old. There are several kinds of diabetic diseases: brittle, bronze, insipidus, juvenile-onset and mellitus.  Treatment consists of diet, insulin and exercise. With the proper care those who have diabetes, can function as well as, those who don't have it. They have the adequate education to understand their body and the disease.  For those who don't have the information they need, and for those who are some-what careless, with their health, the outcome could be a life threatening situation.


You  can find books in ever category, School and office supplies and all your shopping needs here @  http://astore.amazon.com/school-365-20


Shop for Health and Personal Care Items and Food Supplements and Recipes  Here:

Health Store: http://mymorinda.com/2425388/en-us/store/fit/index.html

Fibromyalgia

__ Ellen J. Barrier
Medical Professional / Product Consultant


Fibromyalgia affects an estimated 5.8 million Americans.  Symptoms include chronic pain in  muscles, fatigue, stress, painful and tender points in certain parts of the body.  Pain and other symptoms can be relieved through medications and changes in lifestyle. Having a diet and exercise regimen is important, to aid in proper nutrition and stress management.  Another term used for Fibromyalgia is FMS, (Fibromyalgia Syndrome).  Listed below are books on this medical condition.

Clicks for Books on Fibromyalgia
   

Barrier's Health & Fitness Mall
http://barriershealthandfitness.com/